Research
I am a media researcher with an engineering background working at the interface between people, stories, media and technology. My work spans issues from access services, speech audibility, video quality to human perception and most recently the structure of media content and its relationship with the audience. My most recent work has been examining the role of the audience in media and the issue of media personalisation, both of which turned out to be poorly documented.
I took voluntary redundancy in March 2024 and have become an Associate Staff member of the University of Dundee. I am currently working on a subtitle monitoring project, trying to automatically detect problems with TV subtitles.
Publications
Journal, Conference and White Papers
2024
Narrative predicts cardiac synchrony in audiences. Hugo Hammond, Michael Armstrong, Graham A. Thomas, Edwin S. Dalmaijer, David R. Bull & Iain D. Gilchrist
Nature, Scientific Reports volume 14, Article number: 26369 (2024)
A brief history of closed signing. Michael Armstrong, BBC R&D White Paper 411. March 2024
2023
Frameworks for understanding personalisation. Michael Armstrong & Maxine Glancy, BBC R&D White Paper 404. November 2023
Usage patterns in on-demand programmes after broadcast. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 409. Nov 2023.
Recommendations for improving on-demand content, post-broadcast derived from an analysis of minute by minute consumption patterns. Michael Armstrong & Iain Gilchrist. IBC2023. September 2023.
Narrative, not low-level vision, synchronises audiences during television viewing. Hugo Hammond, Michael Armstrong, Graham Thomas, Edwin Dalmaijer, Iain Gilchrist. Presentation to Vision Sciences Society, May 21st 2023.
Audience immersion: validating attentional and physiological measures against self-report. Hugo Hammond, Michael Armstrong, Graham A. Thomas & Iain D. Gilchrist. Cogn. Research 8, 22 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-023-00475-0
2022
Dynamic behavioural and physiological measures of audience immersion in film and television. Hammond, Hugo, Michael Armstrong, Graham Thomas, and Iain Gilchrist. In PERCEPTION, vol. 51, pp. 70-70. SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2022.
Continuous measures of audience immersion: validating behavioural and physiological measures against self-report. Hammond, Hugo, Michael Armstrong, Graham A. Thomas, and Iain D. Gilchrist. (2022).
The Role of the Audience in Media: how culture, framing and narration give shape to the way stories are understood. Michael Armstrong & Maxine Glancy. White Paper WHP 396. Jun 2022.
Automating Production Methods for Media Personalisation and User Interaction: Releasing additional value from linear content with metadata and templates, Michael Armstrong, Miles Bernie, Dave Bevan, Andy Brown, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal, April 2022.
Object-Based Media: making interactive & personalised content at scale, presentation to LGBTQ+ STEMinar 2022
2021
Realising Additional Value from Linear Content Using Metadata and Automation. Michael Armstrong, Miles Bernie, Dave Bevan & Andy Brown. White Paper WHP 397, Dec 2021.
Automating Production Methods for Media Personalisation and User Interaction: Releasing additional value from linear content with metadata and templates. Michael Armstrong, Miles Bernie, Dave Bevan, Andy Brown, IBC2021.
Creating cross boundary roles for the audience: developing new relationships between creators and audiences, Michael Armstrong and Maxine Glancy, MIX 2021 Conference
Adaptive Subtitles: Preferences and Trade-Offs in Real-Time Media Adaption. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’21), Benjamin M. Gorman, Michael Crabb, and Michael Armstrong. 2021.
2020
The Impact of New Forms of Media on Production Tools and Practices. Lauren Ward, Maxine Glancy, Sally Bowman & Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 391, Sep 2020.
Object-Based Media: An Overview Of The User Experience. Maxine Glancy, Lauren Ward, Nick Hanson, Andy Brown & Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 390, Sep 2020.
The Impact of New Forms of Media on Production Tools and Practices, Lauren Ward, Maxine Glancy, Sally Bowman, Michael Armstrong, IBC2020.
Taking Object-Based Media from The Research Environment Into Mainstream Production, Michael Armstrong, Sally Bowman, Matthew Brooks, Andy Brown, Juliette Carter, Andy Jones, Max Leonard, Thomas Preece, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal, June 2020.
Taking Object-Based Media from the Research Environment into Mainstream Production. Michael Armstrong, Sally Bowman, Matthew Brooks, Andy Brown, Juliette Carter, Andy Jones, Max Leonard, Thomas Preece. White Paper WHP 351, January 2020.
2019
Taking Object-Based Media from the Research Environment into Mainstream Production. Michael Armstrong, Sally Bowman, Matthew Brooks, Andy Brown, Juliette Carter, Andy Jones, Max Leonard, Thomas Preece. IBC2019
Developing Accessible Services: Understanding Current Knowledge and Areas for Future Support (2019) CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2019)
2018
From Epic Poetry to AI: Discovering viable algorithms for creating responsive media. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 339, Oct 2018.
From Epic Poetry to AI: investigating the traditions and techniques of responsive storytelling and their applicability to the creation of responsive forms of media. Michael Armstrong. IBC2018.
Object-Based Media: A Toolkit for Building Responsive Content. Michael Armstrong. British HCI 2018, Industry Track.
Moving object-based media production from one-off examples to scalable workflows. Jasmine Cox, Matthew Brooks, Ian Forrester and Michael Armstrong - May 2018 issue of the SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal.
Exploring Subtitle Behaviour for 360° Video. Andy Brown, Jayson Turner, Jake Patterson, Anastasia Schmitz, Michael Armstrong, Maxine Glancy.
White Paper WHP 330, Apr 2018.
Moving Object-Based Media Production from One-Off Examples to Scalable Workflows. Jasmine Cox, Ian Forrester, Matthew Brooks & Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 334, Feb 2018.
2017
Exploring Ways of Meeting a Wider Range of Access Needs Through Object-Based Media. Michael Armstrong and Michael Crabb - Conference on Accessibility in Film, Television and Interactive Media, Oct 2017.
Automatic recovery and verification of subtitles for large collections of video clips. Michael Armstrong - SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal, October Digital Edition.
Moving object-based media production from one-off examples to scalable workflows. Jasmine Cox, Matthew Brooks, Ian Forrester and Michael Armstrong - IBC2017 and included in “Best of IBC” top 10 papers
Subtitles in 360-degree Video. Andy Brown, Jayson Turner, Jake Patterson, Anastasia Schmitz, Michael Armstrong, Maxine Glancy - TVX2017 Work in Progress Paper
In-Programme Personalization for Broadcast: IPP4B. Jeremy Foss, Ben Shirley, Benedita Malheiro, Sara Kepplinger, Alexandre Ulisses, Michael Armstrong - TVX2017 workshop
2016
Understanding the Diverse Needs of Subtitle Users in a Rapidly Evolving Media Landscape. Michael Armstrong, Andy Brown, Michael Crabb, Chris Hughes, Rhianne Jones and James Sandford (2016) - SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 11/2016; 125(9):33-41. DOI:10.5594/JMI.2016.2614919, November 2016
Automatic recovery and verification of subtitles for large collections of video clips. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 323, Oct 2016.
From Clean Audio to Object Based Broadcasting. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 324, Oct 2016.
Automatic recovery and verification of subtitles for large collections of video clips. Mike Armstrong - IBC 2016 Conference, 2016
The development of a Framework for Understanding the UX of Subtitles. Michael Crabb, Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 316, Feb 2016.
Online News Videos: The UX of Subtitle Position. Michael Crabb, Michael Armstrong, Chris Hughes. White Paper WHP 317, Feb 2016.
Dynamic Subtitles: the User Experience, Andy Brown, Michael Crabb, James Sandford, Matthew Brooks, Michael Armstrong, Caroline Jay (University of Manchester). White Paper WHP 305, Jan 2016.
2015
Online News Videos: The UX of Subtitle Position. Michael Crabb, Rhianne Jones, Michael Armstrong, Chris J Hughes, 2015/10/26, Proceedings of the 17th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers & accessibility, 215-222, ACM.
The Development of a Framework for Understanding the UX of Subtitles. Michael Crabb, Rhianne Jones, Michael Armstrong, 2015/10/26, Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility, 347-348, ACM.
Understanding The Diverse Needs Of Subtitle Users In A Rapidly Evolving Media Landscape. Michael Armstrong, Andy Brown, Michael Crabb, Chris Hughes, James Sandford. WHP 307, Sep 2015.
Understanding the Diverse Needs of Subtitle Users in a Rapidly Evolving Media Landscape. Michael Armstrong, Andy Brown, Michael Crabb, Chris Hughes, Rhianne Jones, James Sandford, 2015/9, IBC2015, IET.
Automatic retrieval of closed captions for web clips from broadcast TV content. Chris Hughes, Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 293, Jul 2015.
Responsive Design for Personalised Subtitles. Michael Crabb, Michael Armstrong, Chris Hughes. White Paper WHP 295, Jul 2015.
Dynamic Subtitles: The User Experience. Andy Brown, Rhia Jones, Mike Crabb, James Sandford, Matthew Brooks, Michael Armstrong, Caroline Jay, 2015/6/3, Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for TV and Online Video, 103-112, ACM.
Responsive design for personalised subtitles. Chris J Hughes, Michael Armstrong, Rhianne Jones, Michael Crabb, 2015/5/18, Proceedings of the 12th Web for All Conference, ACM.
Automatic Retrieval of Closed Captions for Web Clips from Broadcast TV Content. Chris Hughes, Michael Armstrong, 2015/4, NAB Broadcast Engineering Conference, NAB.
Object-based broadcasting - curation, responsiveness and user experience. Matthew Shotton, Frank Melchior, Michael Evans, Anthony Churnside, Matthew Brooks, Michael Armstrong. WHP 285, Jan 2015.
2014
Object-based broadcasting-curation, responsiveness and user experience. Michael Armstrong, Matthew Brooks, Anthony Churnside, MEF Melchior, M Shotton, 2014/1, 12.2-12.2, IET Digital Library. IBC2014.
TVX2014 Short Paper - Enhancing Subtitles. Michael Armstrong, Matthew Brooks, 3 Nov 2014.
Enhancing Subtitles. Matthew Brooks, Michael Armstrong, TVX2014, 2014.
2013
The Development of a Methodology to Evaluate the Perceived Quality of Live TV Subtitles. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 259, Oct 2013.
Subtitle Quality - IBC 2013 Handout. Michael Armstrong, 2013 Sep.
The Development of a Methodology to Evaluate the Perceived Quality of Live TV Subtitles. Michael Armstrong, 2013/1, 11.1-11.1, IET Digital Library. IBC 2013.
Measurement of Subtitle Quality: an R&D Perspective. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 255, Jul 2013.
Attention approximation: from the Web to multi-screen television. Jay, Harper, Brown, Glancy & Armstrong - paper at the CHI13 DigitalTV Workshop
2011
Audio processing and speech intelligibility: A literature review. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 190, Jan 2011.
Higher Frame rates for more Immersive Video and Television. Richard Salmon, Michael Armstrong, Stephen Jolly. White Paper WHP 209, Jan 2011.
2010
Enabling and Enriching Broadcast Services by Combining IP and Broadcast Delivery. J. Barrett, Michael Armstrong, Michael Evans. White Paper WHP 185, Jan 2010.
2009
Enabling and Enriching Broadcast Services by Combining IP and Broadcast Delivery. J. Barrett, Michael Armstrong, Michael Evans. IBC 2009, September 2009.
High frame-rate television. MG Armstrong, DJ Flynn, ME Hammond, SJE Jolly, RA Salmon, 2009/10/1, SMPTE motion imaging journal, V118, Issue 7, 54-59, The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers.
The challenges of three-dimensional television. Richard Salmon, Michael Armstrong, Stephen Jolly. White Paper WHP 173, Jan 2009.
Three-dimensional television: a broadcaster's perspective, Stephen J. E. Jolly, Richard Salmon, Michael Armstrong, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XX, Jan 2009.
High Frame-Rate Television. Richard Salmon, Michael Armstrong, Stephen Jolly, D. Flynn, Matt Hammond. White Paper WHP 169, Jan 2009.
2008
High frame-rate television, MG Armstrong, DJ Flynn, ME Hammond, SJE Jolly, RA Salmon, IBC2008.
2006
Video Quality and Digital TV broadcasting. Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 131, Jan 2006.
2002
Audio description: what it is and how it works. N. Tanton, Trevor Ware, Michael Armstrong. White Paper WHP 051, Jan 2002.
2000
Access Services for Digital Television: Matching the means to the requirement for audio description and signing. Nick Tanton, Trevor Ware and Michael Armstrong IBC2000
Blog Posts
2022
The role of the audience in media. Michael Armstrong & Maxine Glancy 22 Jun 2022,
2021
Whose Chicks are these? A new BBC R&D Springwatch Quiz, Article for the BBC Springwatch web site.
Automating a Springwatch bird quiz using machine learning techniques. 25 May 2021.
2018
Object-Based Media and Accessibility. 12 Feb 2018.
2017
Introducing Automatically Matched Subtitles. 29 Jun 2017.
Subtitling the Story of Life App. 18 Jan 2017
2014
Visualising the Internet. Max Leonard, Matthew Brooks, Matthew Shotton, Michael Armstrong, Joel Merrick. 8 Jan 2014.
2013
Subtitle Quality Projects at IBC2013. 8 Oct 2013.
2010
Synchronising broadcast and IP delivered components - IBC 2010. 3 Nov 2010.
Remix Radio - a personalised listening experience. 25 Oct 2010. The first R&D publication on Object Based Broadcasting.
Looking Forward to Getting Older. 2 Jun 2010.
E-mail:
medialator(at)gmx.co.uk
© 2023
